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Design concepts of an aircraft wing: composite and morphing airfoil with auxetic structures

P R BUDARAPU,Sudhir Sastry Y B,R NATARAJAN

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 4,   Pages 394-408 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0352-z

Abstract: The strength based design is adopted, where the design loads are extracted from the aerodynamic loadsThe aerodynamic loads acting on a wing structure are converted to equivalent distributed loads, whichare further converted point loads to arrive at the shear forces, bending and twisting moments along

Keywords： wing design     aerodynamic loads     morphing airfoil     auxetic structures     negative Poisson’s ratio    

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Numerical analysis of aerodynamic noise radiated from cross flow fan

CHEN Anbang, LI Song, HUANG Dongtao

Frontiers in Energy 2008, Volume 2, Issue 4,   Pages 443-447 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0063-9

Abstract: and the vortex wall sources contribute significantly to the total noise and that both the predicted aerodynamic

Keywords： predicted aerodynamic     Williams-Hawkings     calculated pressure     aerodynamic performance     unsteady Reynolds-averaged    

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Experimental study of wind loads on gable roofs of low-rise buildings with overhangs

Peng HUANG, Ling TAO, Ming GU, Yong QUAN

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 3,   Pages 300-317 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0449-7

Abstract:

Gable roofs with overhangs (eaves) are the common constructions of low-rise buildings on the southeastern coast of China, and they were vulnerable to typhoons from experience. The wind pressure distributions on gable roofs of low-rise buildings are investigated by a series of wind tunnel tests which consist of 99 test cases with various roof pitches, height-depth ratios and width-depth ratios. The block pressure coefficients and worst negative (block) pressure coefficients on different roof regions of low-rise buildings are proposed for the main structure and building envelope, respectively. The effects of roof pitch, height-depth ratio, and width-depth ratio on the pressure coefficients of each region are analyzed in detail. In addition, the pressure coefficients on the roofs for the main structure and building envelope are fitted according to roof pitch, height-depth ratio and width-depth ratio of the low-rise building. Meanwhile, the rationality of the fitting formulas is verified by comparing the fitting results with the codes of different countries. Lastly, the block pressure coefficients and worst negative pressure coefficients are recommended to guide the design of low-rise buildings in typhoon area and act as references for the future’s modification of wind load codes.

Keywords： low-rise building     gable roof     wind loads     wind tunnel test     block pressure coefficient     load code    

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Flutter control effect and mechanism of central-slotting for long-span bridges

YANG Yongxin, GE Yaojun, XIANG Haifan

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 3,   Pages 298-304 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0039-6

Abstract: Five basic girder cross-sections representing five typical aerodynamic configurations were selected andmethod (2 dimension-3 degrees of freedom method, 2d-3DOF method) were carried out to investigate the aerodynamicThe results show that central-slotting can not always improve the aerodynamic stability of bridge structureThe control effect of central-slotting depends on the aerodynamic configuration of the original girderthat the differences in flutter control effects come from the different formation and evolution of aerodynamic

Keywords： aerodynamic configuration     aerodynamic performance     flutter mechanism     aerodynamic stability     theoretical    

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Aerodynamic stability evolution tendency of suspension bridges with spans from 1000 to 5000 m

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0980-z

Abstract: Aerodynamic instability owing to aerostatic and flutter-related failures is a significant concern inTo analyze the aerodynamic instability, streamlined single-box section (SBS), lattice truss section (with span approximately 3000 m should be focused on both aerostatic instability and flutter, and more aerodynamic

Keywords： suspension bridge     super long-span     finite element model     aerodynamic instability     aerodynamic configuration    

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Experimental study of aerodynamic interference effects on aerostatic coefficients of twin deck bridges

Zhiwen LIU , Zhengqing CHEN , Gao LIU , Xinpeng SHAO ,

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2009, Volume 3, Issue 3,   Pages 292-298 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0048-8

Abstract: The aerodynamic interference effects on aerostatic coefficients of twin deck bridges with large spantwin decks and wind attack angles were changed during the wind tunnel test to study the effects on aerodynamicThe lift and torque coefficients of windward and leeward decks are also affected slightly by the aerodynamicAnd the aerodynamic interference effects on lift and torque coefficients of twin decks can be neglected

Keywords： twin decks     aerodynamic interference effects     aerostatic coefficients     wind tunnel test    

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New response surface model and its applications in aerodynamic optimization of axial compressor blade

LIU Xiaojia, NING Fangfei

Frontiers in Energy 2008, Volume 2, Issue 4,   Pages 541-549 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0077-3

Abstract: Based on this model, a numerical aerodynamic optimization platform for the axial compressor 2D bladeprofiles is developed, by which aerodynamic optimization of two compressor blade profiles are presented

Keywords： definition     objective distribution     fitting precision     combination     numerical aerodynamic    

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Aerodynamic interference effects and mitigation measures on vortex-induced vibrations of two adjacent

Xiaoliang MENG, Ledong ZHU, Zhenshan GUO

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 4,   Pages 510-517 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0129-3

Abstract: By examining the two neighboring Haihe Bridges with semi- and full-closed bridge decks, the aerodynamicinterference between the two decks on the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) and the corresponding aerodynamicThe results show that the VIV responses of both bridges can be significantly affected by the aerodynamicstructural and aerodynamic configurations are adopted for the two bridges.Otherwise, the VIV responses are not significantly increased and may even be reduced by the aerodynamic

Keywords： separated parallel decks     vortex-induced vibration     aerodynamic interference     aerodynamic mitigation measure    

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Integration of renewable energies, flexible loads and storages into the German power grid: Actual situation

Harald SCHWARZ, Xiaoshu CAI

Frontiers in Energy 2017, Volume 11, Issue 2,   Pages 107-118 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0470-x

Abstract: Starting from the late 1990’s, the German government decided to change the national electric power supply system dramatically. The main stimulating instrument was the German Law on Renewable Energies (Erneuerbare Energien Gesetz (EEG)), which guaranteed a fixed feed-in tariff to everyone who was willing to invest into renewable generation. Based on the year of commissioning, defined revenues per kWh were fixed for the next 20 years. Due to a very attractive over-funding, more than 1.5 million renewable generation units were connected to the German grid up to the end of 2015. According to the EEG, renewable generation units can feed to the grid wherever they are located and whenever they are able to produce. The old physical principle was and is still neglected, which clearly stated that generation always has to follow the demand—simply due to the limited availability of storages in the power system. Only in cases, when temporarily renewable overproduction exceeds the tolerable loading of lines or transformers respectively endangers the system stability in total, are German grid operators allowed to announce curtailments by emergency measures. Even in such cases, the “not produced energy” from renewable sources has to be funded. Although the installed capacity from renewables is much higher than the peak load in Germany, it contributes only about 32% to German average annual energy. Unfortunately, the regional distribution of renewable generation and load is very different, e.g. in the northeast of Germany, this Renewable Energy (RE)-ratio meanwhile exceeds 100% due to the high RE-penetration and low load. High transits of renewable overproduction from the north to the south will be necessary at nearly every day per year. Therefore, a tremendous change is needed within the German power grid. This paper will give a first overview followed by several others, describing possible solutions on how to overcome this critical situation.

Keywords： grid integration     renewable energies     system stability     storages     flexible loads     new market design    

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Possible role of power-to-heat and power-to-gas as flexible loads in German medium voltage networks

Mark KUPRAT, Martin BENDIG, Klaus PFEIFFER

Frontiers in Energy 2017, Volume 11, Issue 2,   Pages 135-145 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0472-8

Abstract: This curtailment of RES leads to economic losses and could be avoided through flexible loads.

Keywords： power-to-gas     power-to-heat     flexible loads     ancillary services     coherent energy systems    

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Aerodynamic impact of train-induced wind on a moving motor-van

Jiajun HE; Huoyue XIANG; Yongle LI; Bin HAN

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 7,   Pages 909-927 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0833-1

Abstract: The newly-built single-level rail-cum-road bridge brings the issue of the aerodynamic impact of train-inducedSuch an aerodynamic impact mechanism was explored; a relationship between the transverse distance betweentrain and motor-van (hereinfafter referred to as van) and the aerodynamic effects on the van was exploredvariations of the van, even at a confirmed relative velocity, the aerodynamic variations of the vanThe decay of the aerodynamic effects shows that not all the velocity terms would enhance the aerodynamic

Keywords： rail-cum-road bridge     aerodynamic impact     train-induced wind     CFD     aerodynamic force     quantitative analysis    

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Possible role of power-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-grid as storages and flexible loads in the German 110

Erik BLASIUS

Frontiers in Energy 2017, Volume 11, Issue 2,   Pages 146-154 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0475-5

Abstract: The sectoral coupling of road traffic (in form of E-Mobility) and electrical energy supply (known as power-to-vehicle (P2V), vehicle-to-grid (V2G) is discussed as one of the possible development concepts for the flexible system integration of renewable energy sources (RES) and the support of the objectives of the German energy transition (aka. Energiewende). It is obvious that E-mobility, which shall produce as few emissions as possible, should be based on the exclusive use of renewable energies. At the same time, the E-mobility can help to reduce the negative effects of the grid integration of RES to the distribution grids. However, this assumes that the electric vehicles are smart integrated to the grids where they charge, meaning that they must be able to communicate and be controllable. Because per se unplanned and uncontrollable charging processes are harmful for the grid operation, especially if they occur frequently and unexpected in similar time periods, the effects can hardly be controlled and can lead to serious technical problems in practical grid operation. This paper provides an insight into the current development of E-mobility in Germany. The insight will be matched with the German development of the RES. By the combination of both sectors, the possible role of the E-mobility for the distribution grid will be depicted, which can have positive and negative aspects.

Keywords： P2V     V2G     grid integration     electric vehicles     distribution grid    

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Numerical investigation of aerodynamic performance influenced by circumferentially pre-swirling coming

WANG Qikun, CHEN Kangmin

Frontiers in Energy 2007, Volume 1, Issue 4,   Pages 435-440 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0063-5

Abstract: Numerical investigation is implemented on aerodynamic performance inside the crossover and de-swirlingThe emphasis is put on the aerodynamic performance influenced by the circumferent

Keywords： aerodynamic     investigation     centrifugal     de-swirling     circumferent    

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Improvement of aerodynamic stability of suspension bridges with H-shaped simplified stiffening girder

Hiroshi KATSUCHI,Hitoshi YAMADA,Mayuko NISHIO,Yoko OKAZAKI

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 1,   Pages 93-102 doi: 10.1007/s11709-015-0311-0

Abstract: Wind-tunnel study on the improvement of aerodynamic stability of simplified suspension-bridge girderAccordingly, aerodynamic countermeasures of open grating deck and triangular faring, and structural countermeasuresof center stay, diagonal bracing and mass increase were tried to improve the aerodynamic stability.

Keywords： suspension bridge     aerodynamics     simplified girder     wind-tunnel test    

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Unified solution of limit loads of thick wall cylinder subject to external pressure considering strain

CHEN Changfu, XIAO Shujun, YANG Yu

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 3,   Pages 329-333 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0043-x

Abstract: strain softening materials, such as concrete or rock, was derived, and the elastic and plastic limit loadsIn addition, the influence of some factors on the limit loads of such cylinders as the ratio of the external
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Title Author Date Type Operation

Design concepts of an aircraft wing: composite and morphing airfoil with auxetic structures

P R BUDARAPU,Sudhir Sastry Y B,R NATARAJAN

Journal Article

Numerical analysis of aerodynamic noise radiated from cross flow fan

CHEN Anbang, LI Song, HUANG Dongtao

Journal Article

Experimental study of wind loads on gable roofs of low-rise buildings with overhangs

Peng HUANG, Ling TAO, Ming GU, Yong QUAN

Journal Article

Flutter control effect and mechanism of central-slotting for long-span bridges

YANG Yongxin, GE Yaojun, XIANG Haifan

Journal Article

Aerodynamic stability evolution tendency of suspension bridges with spans from 1000 to 5000 m

Journal Article

Experimental study of aerodynamic interference effects on aerostatic coefficients of twin deck bridges

Zhiwen LIU , Zhengqing CHEN , Gao LIU , Xinpeng SHAO ,

Journal Article

New response surface model and its applications in aerodynamic optimization of axial compressor blade

LIU Xiaojia, NING Fangfei

Journal Article

Aerodynamic interference effects and mitigation measures on vortex-induced vibrations of two adjacent

Xiaoliang MENG, Ledong ZHU, Zhenshan GUO

Journal Article

Integration of renewable energies, flexible loads and storages into the German power grid: Actual situation

Harald SCHWARZ, Xiaoshu CAI

Journal Article

Possible role of power-to-heat and power-to-gas as flexible loads in German medium voltage networks

Mark KUPRAT, Martin BENDIG, Klaus PFEIFFER

Journal Article

Aerodynamic impact of train-induced wind on a moving motor-van

Jiajun HE; Huoyue XIANG; Yongle LI; Bin HAN

Journal Article

Possible role of power-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-grid as storages and flexible loads in the German 110

Erik BLASIUS

Journal Article

Numerical investigation of aerodynamic performance influenced by circumferentially pre-swirling coming

WANG Qikun, CHEN Kangmin

Journal Article

Improvement of aerodynamic stability of suspension bridges with H-shaped simplified stiffening girder

Hiroshi KATSUCHI,Hitoshi YAMADA,Mayuko NISHIO,Yoko OKAZAKI

Journal Article

Unified solution of limit loads of thick wall cylinder subject to external pressure considering strain

CHEN Changfu, XIAO Shujun, YANG Yu

Journal Article